{"id":9362,"date":"2023-03-06T08:31:31","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T07:31:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=9362"},"modified":"2023-04-14T12:22:38","modified_gmt":"2023-04-14T10:22:38","slug":"studenti-maji-pravo-klast-otazky-politici-se-na-skole-nepropaguji-ale-predstavuji-sve-povolani-ucitel-ivan-machek-o-besedach-s-politiky-na-skole","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=9362","title":{"rendered":"Studenti maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky. Politici se na \u0161kole nepropaguj\u00ed, ale p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 povol\u00e1n\u00ed. U\u010ditel Ivan Machek o besed\u00e1ch s politiky na \u0161kole"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ivan Machek je u\u010ditel D\u011bjepisu a Z\u00e1klad\u016f spole\u010densk\u00fdch v\u011bd na Gymn\u00e1ziu Ostrov. Posledn\u00edch t\u0159icet let po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 besedy, kde student\u016fm p\u0159edstavuje zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 osobnosti nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d obory. Jedn\u00edm z t\u011bchto obor\u016f je i jeden kontroverzn\u00ed, co se \u0161koln\u00ed p\u016fdy t\u00fd\u010de – politika. V rozhovoru pro Prahu \u0161kolskou se pr\u00e1v\u011b n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1m politik\u016f na \u0161kol\u00e1ch v\u011bnoval.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pat\u0159\u00ed politika do \u0161kol?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pat\u0159\u00ed i nepat\u0159\u00ed. Za prv\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 respektovat \u0161kolsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee politick\u00e9 strany nesm\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u0161koly propagovat sv\u016fj program. Na druhou stranu studenti v\u00a0posledn\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edc\u00edch jsou ji\u017e plnolet\u00ed a maj\u00ed volebn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo. M\u011bli by tedy pochopit, jak politick\u00fd syst\u00e9m funguje. M\u011bli by se nau\u010dit co je to d\u011blba moci, jak funguje legislativa, exekutiva i justice. Je t\u0159eba dobr\u00e9, kdy\u017e si vyzkou\u0161\u00ed tzv. volby nane\u010disto, kter\u00e9 od sam\u00e9ho za\u010d\u00e1tku na na\u0161em gymn\u00e1ziu uskute\u010d\u0148ujeme. Vyzkou\u0161\u00ed si prezidentsk\u00e9 volby, sn\u011bmovn\u00ed volby, volby do parlamentu EU i krajsk\u00e9 volby. Je zkr\u00e1tka d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, jak st\u00e1t a demokracie funguje. Se studenty jezd\u00edme na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu do sn\u011bmovny i sen\u00e1tu, byli jsme i v\u00a0Evropsk\u00e9m parlamentu a k\u00a0tomu v\u0161emu, kdy\u017e se ve spole\u010densk\u00fdch v\u011bd\u00e1ch dozv\u00eddaj\u00ed teorii fungov\u00e1n\u00ed politiky, o \u00fastav\u011b, tak je mo\u017en\u00e9 si pozvat p\u0159edstavitele exekutivy, aby s nimi studenti mohli debatovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Volby na ne\u010disto na Gymn\u00e1ziu Ostrov. Zdroj: Gymn\u00e1zium Ostrov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pat\u0159\u00ed tedy politici do \u0161kol?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To je zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed. J\u00e1 si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee politici do \u0161kol nepat\u0159\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 kdy\u017e politik p\u0159ijede do \u0161koly a p\u0159edstav\u00ed s\u00e1m sebe, jako\u017eto vzd\u011blan\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad kdy\u017e jde o l\u00e9ka\u0159e, pr\u00e1vn\u00edka, ekonoma, tak v\u00a0tuto chv\u00edli to probl\u00e9m nen\u00ed. Existuj\u00ed programy, b\u011bhem kter\u00fdch studenti nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed parlament, sezn\u00e1m\u00ed se s\u00a0chodem instituce a sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed programu je i debata nap\u0159\u00edklad s\u00a0poslancem. Tady si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je legitimn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo student\u016f kl\u00e1st ot\u00e1zky. P\u0159eci jen se jich to bude t\u00fdkat, jde o mlad\u00e9 lidi a politici rozhoduj\u00ed o n\u011b\u010dem co se zejm\u00e9na jich bude za p\u00e1r let t\u00fdkat. Z\u00a0toho hlediska si mysl\u00edm, \u017ee to je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem je vyb\u00edr\u00e1n politik na tyto besedy?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Existuj\u00ed dva zp\u016fsoby. Prvn\u00ed, \u017ee politika oslov\u00edm, proto\u017ee m\u011b zaujal nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u00e9maty, kter\u00e1 vn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho prostoru. Ve chv\u00edli, kdy m\u00e1 \u010das a vyhovuje to i \u0161kole, tak se n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva domluv\u00ed. Takov\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy prob\u00edhaj\u00ed p\u00e1rkr\u00e1t do roka. Druh\u00e1 mo\u017enost pak je, \u017ee n\u00e1m politik m\u016f\u017ee prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f besedu nebo setk\u00e1n\u00ed nab\u00eddnout s\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nen\u00ed takov\u00e1 forma \u201csebepozv\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c problematick\u00e1? Kdy\u017e si politik s\u00e1m \u0159ekne o to, \u017ee chce p\u0159ijet na \u0161kolu a \u0159\u00edkat tam n\u011bco student\u016fm?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uvedu to na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladu. M\u011bli jsme besedu s profesorem Jana Kellerem. Velmi jsem o p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku a besedu st\u00e1l, proto\u017ee je to v\u00fdznamn\u00fd sociolog zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed environmentalismem a z\u00e1rove\u0148 autor i u\u010debnice sociologie. M\u00e1 \u0159adu zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch spole\u010densk\u00fdch t\u00e9mat, kter\u00e1 otev\u00edr\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho oboru. P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v Ostrav\u011b, co\u017e pro na\u0161i \u0161kolu v kraji bez vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly, znamenalo p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost m\u00edt p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku od velmi presti\u017en\u00edho vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho pedagoga. On m\u011bl tenkr\u00e1t cestu do Karlovarsk\u00e9ho kraje. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b kandidoval do Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu.  J\u00e1 jsem s n\u00edm u\u017e dva roky p\u0159ed t\u00edm jednal, zda by v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 profese sociologa nenav\u0161t\u00edvil na\u0161i \u0161kolu. Se\u0161la se jeho cesta do regionu a moje pozv\u00e1nka na besedu. Bylo nutn\u00e9 d\u016fsledn\u011b odd\u011blit jeho volebn\u00ed kampa\u0148, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 uskute\u010dnit besedu na t\u00e9ma studentsk\u00fd \u017eivot a sociologie ml\u00e1de\u017ee. Nutno podotknout, \u017ee profesor Keller byl prvn\u00ed politik, kter\u00fd n\u00e1s jako europoslanec pozval do Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva prob\u011bhla velmi kultivovan\u011b. Prohl\u00e9dli jsme si \u0160trasburk, pro studenty to byl z\u00e1\u017eitek a v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech tak u\u010dinila i \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch europoslanc\u016f z jin\u00fdch politick\u00fdch stran. Touto cestou bych jim r\u00e1d pod\u011bkoval a vyzval ostatn\u00ed, aby n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy Bruselu a \u0160trasburku pro studenty organizovali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Ivan Machek a Jan Keller na besed\u011b. Zdroj: Gymn\u00e1zium Ostrov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Jak \u010dasto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee politik na besed\u011b sklouzne od t\u00e9matu, o kter\u00e9m m\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161et k jist\u00e9 form\u011b sebepropagace?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To je hodn\u011b o jist\u00e9m p\u0159edv\u00fdb\u011bru t\u011bch lid\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b kdy\u017e p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed do \u0161koly, jsou si v\u011bdomi toho, \u017ee nesm\u00ed d\u011blat \u017e\u00e1dnou propagaci sebe, nebo t\u00e9 strany, ale \u017ee mluv\u00ed v\u00fdhradn\u011b o fungov\u00e1n\u00ed toho syst\u00e9mu. Kdy\u017e tam p\u0159ijde nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u011bkdo z\u00a0exekutivy, tak opravdu mluv\u00ed jen o tom, jak funguje sn\u011bmovna, nebo sen\u00e1t. Dovedu si p\u0159edstavit, \u017ee t\u0159eba mezi \u0159\u00e1dky m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0jist\u00e9 propagaci, proto\u017ee je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee nap\u0159\u00edklad levicov\u00fd politik m\u00e1 n\u00e1zor dan\u00fd ideologi\u00ed, kter\u00e1 r\u00e1muje jeho politickou stranu, za kterou kandidoval. Naopak pravicov\u00fd politik to uvid\u00ed z\u00a0t\u00e9 druh\u00e9 strany. Ale sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti spole\u010densk\u00fdch v\u011bd je i ideologie d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. My u\u010d\u00edme studenty o konzervatismu, liberalismu, nacismu, socialismu a tak d\u00e1le, tak\u017ee oni jsou p\u0159ipraven\u00ed \u017ee pokud se potkaj\u00ed s\u00a0\u010dlov\u011bkem, kter\u00fd se k dan\u00e9 ideologii hl\u00e1s\u00ed, \u017ee pohled na sv\u011bt bude m\u00edt t\u00e9 ideologii pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e1 se zaru\u010dit vyv\u00e1\u017eenost t\u011bch ideologi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 politici, co \u0161kolu nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed reprezentuj\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Garantem t\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017eenosti mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bk, co na tu besedu p\u0159ijde. Druh\u00fdm garantem jsem pak j\u00e1. To znamen\u00e1 \u017ee ve chv\u00edli, kdyby p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed sklouzlo k\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9 propagaci, tak je pot\u0159eba to zastavit, nebo p\u0159ev\u00e9st k\u00a0jin\u00e9mu t\u00e9matu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z pohledu u\u010ditele spole\u010densk\u00fdch v\u011bd, jak\u00fd konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed dopad mohou tyto besedy na studenty m\u00edt?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve \u0161kole jde o dv\u011b v\u011bci. Jedna v\u011bc je, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry m\u00e1 \u0161kola vychov\u00e1vat a druh\u00e1 v\u011bc je do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry m\u00e1 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vat. J\u00e1 stoj\u00edm za t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00fdchova by m\u011bla p\u0159ipadnout sp\u00ed\u0161e rodi\u010d\u016fm. Tak\u017ee j\u00e1 bych byl sp\u00ed\u0161 pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zodpov\u011bdnost ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Potenci\u00e1l v besed\u00e1ch vid\u00edm n\u011bco jako otev\u0159en\u00e1 okna p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed. Ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b mi sed\u00ed t\u0159icet student\u016f a j\u00e1 jim n\u011bco nab\u00eddnu. Ne v\u0161ichni to ale cht\u011bj\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt, proto\u017ee poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9ho soci\u00e1ln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je motivuje, nebo demotivuje. \u00a0D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee p\u0159ed sebou maj\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka, kter\u00fd n\u011b\u010deho dos\u00e1hl ve sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci. T\u00edm se mohou inspirovat. Kdy\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159ijel filozof Jan Sokol neznamenalo to, \u017ee se ze v\u0161ech stanou filozofov\u00e9, ale \u017ee maj\u00ed mo\u017enost n\u011bco zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho se dozv\u011bd\u011bt. Ze zp\u011btn\u00e9 vazby student\u016f v\u00edm, \u017ee r\u00e1di na besedy vzpom\u00ednaj\u00ed a po mnoha letech pr\u00e1v\u011b toto oce\u0148uj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u011bl by tenhle kontakt s lidmi z oboru b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fduky na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ano, ale podle m\u011b je to nere\u00e1ln\u00e9. Mysl\u00edm si, \u017ee je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby se tato my\u0161lenka dostala k\u00a0mlad\u00fdm kantor\u016fm, nebo k\u00a0lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed kon\u010d\u00ed vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzd\u011blan\u00ed a maj\u00ed ambice u\u010dit. P\u0159ipravit besedu je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, ob\u010das to trv\u00e1 i \u0159adu let. Ned\u00e1 se o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee se bude cht\u00edt ka\u017ed\u00e9mu.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u011b zvolen\u00fd prezident Petr Pavel je po Milo\u0161i Zemanovi druh\u00fdm prezidentem v \u0159ad\u011b, kter\u00fd gymn\u00e1zium nav\u0161t\u00edvil. \u010c\u00edm si \u0161kola takovou pozornost prezident\u016f z\u00edskala?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gymn\u00e1zium Ostrov je tak trochu jin\u00e1 \u0161kola, ostatn\u011b m\u00e1me to naps\u00e1no i na tri\u010dk\u00e1ch. Milo\u0161 Zeman u n\u00e1s byl v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy byl hejtmanem Karlovarsk\u00e9ho kraje pan Novotn\u00fd, kter\u00fd si tuto n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu velmi p\u0159\u00e1l, cht\u011bl uk\u00e1zat Ostrov jako m\u011bsto s novou pr\u016fmyslovkou, a nakonec bylo rozhodnuto, \u017ee nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed gymn\u00e1zium. U nov\u011b zvolen\u00e9ho prezidenta Petra Pavla \u0161lo o to, \u017ee on po zvolen\u00ed prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee nav\u0161t\u00edv\u00ed kraje, kde zv\u00edt\u011bzil jeho protikandid\u00e1t Andrej Babi\u0161. To byla pro n\u00e1s v\u00fdzva, pozvat ho na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu, v\u0161e p\u0159ipravit a povedlo se. Setk\u00e1n\u00ed bylo velmi pozitivn\u011b a emoci\u00e1ln\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1no na obou stran\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Beseda s nov\u011b zvolen\u00fdm prezidentem Petrem Pavlem. Zdroj: Gymn\u00e1zium Ostrov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mohla by to b\u00fdt tradice? N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy prezident\u016f na gymn\u00e1ziu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O to mi ani moc nejde. Zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed mne lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed v \u017eivot\u011b n\u011bco dok\u00e1zali a mohou to prezentovat student\u016fm. V minul\u00fdch letech besedovali na na\u0161\u00ed \u0161kole se studenty nap\u0159\u00edklad Arno\u0161t Lustig, kapela Plastic People, Ji\u0159ina \u0160iklov\u00e1, Marek Eben, Karel Schwarzenberg,  profesor Tom\u00e1\u0161 Hal\u00edk, Dan B\u00e1rta, Jan Wiener, V\u00e1clav Marhoul, Michael Koc\u00e1b, David V\u00e1vra, \u0159ada politick\u00fdch v\u011bz\u0148\u016f a p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch holokaustu a tak d\u00e1le. Nen\u00ed mou prioritou zv\u00e1t nutn\u011b politiky. Politika je pr\u00e1ce jako ka\u017ed\u00e1 jin\u00e1 a kdy\u017e ji n\u011bkdo d\u011bl\u00e1 dlouho a m\u00e1 co student\u016fm \u0159\u00edct, r\u00e1di jej p\u0159iv\u00edt\u00e1me.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ivan Machek je u\u010ditel D\u011bjepisu a Z\u00e1klad\u016f spole\u010densk\u00fdch v\u011bd na Gymn\u00e1ziu Ostrov. Posledn\u00edch t\u0159icet let po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 besedy, kde student\u016fm p\u0159edstavuje zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 osobnosti nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d obory. Jedn\u00edm z t\u011bchto obor\u016f je i jeden kontroverzn\u00ed, co se \u0161koln\u00ed p\u016fdy t\u00fd\u010de – politika. V rozhovoru pro Prahu \u0161kolskou se pr\u00e1v\u011b n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1m politik\u016f na \u0161kol\u00e1ch v\u011bnoval. Pat\u0159\u00ed politika do \u0161kol? […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":9374,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_breakdance_hide_in_design_set":false,"_breakdance_tags":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[28,108],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9362","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualne-ze-skolstvi","category-rozhovory-praha-skolska"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9362"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9362\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10148,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9362\/revisions\/10148"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9374"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}