{"id":7847,"date":"2022-10-18T13:39:41","date_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:39:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=7847"},"modified":"2022-10-18T13:41:34","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:41:34","slug":"kratkozrakost-je-na-vzestupu-hlavne-u-deti-jak-k-tomu-doslo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=7847","title":{"rendered":"Kr\u00e1tkozrakost je na vzestupu hlavn\u011b u d\u011bt\u00ed. Jak k tomu do\u0161lo?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

M\u00edra kr\u00e1tkozrakosti – zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako myopie – st\u00e1le stoup\u00e1. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v Singapuru se v sou\u010dasnosti tato hodnota u mlad\u00fdch dosp\u011bl\u00fdch pohybuje a\u017e kolem 80 procent. Singapur je kv\u016fli tomu naz\u00fdv\u00e1n „hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem kr\u00e1tkozrakosti“.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eZab\u00fdv\u00e1me se t\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem u\u017e 20 let, tak\u017ee jsme v\u016f\u010di n\u011bmu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 otup\u011bl\u00ed,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Audrey Chia, docentka a hlavn\u00ed konzultantka Singapursk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00edho o\u010dn\u00edho centra (SNEC). \u201eT\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd v Singapuru je nyn\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00fd.“ To, co se stalo v Singapuru, se nyn\u00ed patrn\u011b d\u011bje po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Zemi kv\u016fli zcela odli\u0161n\u00e9mu \u017eivotn\u00edmu stylu spojuje p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd jev: raketov\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Pokud budou sou\u010dasn\u00e9 trendy pokra\u010dovat, bude do roku 2050 kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00e1 polovina sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace. A zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee tento probl\u00e9m se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed rychleji ne\u017e kdykoli p\u0159edt\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech trp\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrakost\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 procent dosp\u011bl\u00fdch, v roce 1971 to bylo 25 procent populace. Podobn\u011b prudce vzrostla m\u00edra kr\u00e1tkozrakosti i ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. Jejich situace v\u0161ak nen\u00ed tak dramatick\u00e1 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi a mlad\u00fdmi dosp\u011bl\u00fdmi v Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji, na Tchaj-wanu a v pevninsk\u00e9 \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Tam se m\u00edra prevalence pohybuje a\u017e mezi 84-97 procenty. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zat\u00edmco typick\u00fd v\u011bk pro vznik kr\u00e1tkozrakosti je mezi osmi a dvan\u00e1cti lety, d\u011bti se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00fdmi ji\u017e v mlad\u0161\u00edm v\u011bku. \u010c\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve se u d\u00edt\u011bte toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed vyvine, t\u00edm je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee se bude v dosp\u011blosti pot\u00fdkat s t\u011b\u017ekou kr\u00e1tkozrakost\u00ed. Ta m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt za n\u00e1sledek probl\u00e9my souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi oka, jako je glaukom, odchl\u00edpen\u00ed s\u00edtnice, \u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal \u010di myopick\u00e1 makulopatie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezi faktory, kter\u00e9 tento trend ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed, se prim\u00e1rn\u011b \u0159ad\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed na bl\u00edzk\u00e9 objekty prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u010dten\u00ed a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed internetov\u00e9ho obsahu. Tento faktor pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vysv\u011btlit, pro\u010d jeden jinak veskrze pozitivn\u00ed trend v \u017eivot\u011b d\u011bt\u00ed necht\u011bn\u011b zhor\u0161il \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Souvisej\u00edc\u00edm faktorem je vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed samo o sob\u011b samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou \u0161patn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho stavu o\u010d\u00ed. Ve skute\u010dnosti je vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed spojeno s mnoha pozitivn\u00edmi, m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dinky na zdrav\u00ed. Zd\u00e1 se v\u0161ak, \u017ee zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm d\u011bti v modern\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, zdrav\u00ed jejich o\u010d\u00ed trvale po\u0161kozuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eBylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje kr\u00e1tkozrakost,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Ghorbani-Mojarrad, p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed na Bradfordsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii a registrovan\u00fd optometrista. Na mysli m\u00e1 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 po\u010dtem let str\u00e1ven\u00fdch ve \u0161kole. \u201eNev\u00edme, \u010d\u00edm to je, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed – m\u00e1me podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee je to \u010dten\u00edm a tr\u00e1ven\u00edm v\u00edce \u010dasu v m\u00edstnosti. Ka\u017ed\u00fd ukon\u010den\u00fd rok vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed zvy\u0161uje o\u010dek\u00e1vanou m\u00edru kr\u00e1tkozrakosti.“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina novorozenc\u016f za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 sv\u016fj \u017eivot s dlouh\u00fdm zrakem. B\u011bhem prvn\u00edho roku \u017eivota se o\u010di p\u0159irozen\u011b vyv\u00edjej\u00ed a dlouhozrakost se sni\u017euje, a\u017e se zrak st\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dokonal\u00fdm. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech v\u0161ak o\u010di nep\u0159estanou r\u016fst a dojde k rozvoji kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. O\u010dn\u00ed bulva je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 prot\u00e1hl\u00e1 na to, aby byla schopna rozeznat p\u0159edm\u011bty na d\u00e1lku bez pomoci korek\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, jako jsou br\u00fdle. \u201eKa\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 omezen\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed s\u00edtnice, a pokud oko d\u00e1le roste, je to jako sna\u017eit se namazat stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed m\u00e1sla na v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kraj\u00edc chleba,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Ghorbani-Mojarrad. \u201eS\u00edtnice se st\u00e1v\u00e1 opravdu tenkou a je n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k roztr\u017een\u00ed.“ Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee pobyt v interi\u00e9ru m\u016f\u017ee tento probl\u00e9m zhor\u0161ovat, mo\u017en\u00e1 kv\u016fli tomu, jak se osv\u011btlen\u00ed interi\u00e9ru li\u0161\u00ed od p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho sv\u011btla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zdroj obr\u00e1zku: Obr\u00e1zek od u\u017eivatele DariuszSankowski ze slu\u017eby Pixabay<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00edra kr\u00e1tkozrakosti – zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako myopie – st\u00e1le stoup\u00e1. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v Singapuru se v sou\u010dasnosti tato hodnota u mlad\u00fdch dosp\u011bl\u00fdch pohybuje a\u017e kolem 80 procent. Singapur je kv\u016fli tomu naz\u00fdv\u00e1n „hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem kr\u00e1tkozrakosti“. \u201eZab\u00fdv\u00e1me se t\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem u\u017e 20 let, tak\u017ee jsme v\u016f\u010di n\u011bmu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 otup\u011bl\u00ed,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Audrey Chia, docentka a hlavn\u00ed konzultantka Singapursk\u00e9ho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":7870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_breakdance_hide_in_design_set":false,"_breakdance_tags":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[191,49,53,46],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-7847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cestovani","category-ekologie","category-inspirace","category-studentske-zpravodajstvi","tag-rodic-zak"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7847","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7847"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7847\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7898,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7847\/revisions\/7898"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7847"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7847"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}