{"id":16368,"date":"2024-05-17T20:22:33","date_gmt":"2024-05-17T18:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=16368"},"modified":"2024-05-17T20:22:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T18:22:36","slug":"zmeny-v-predskolnim-vzdelavani-aktualizace-kurikula","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=16368","title":{"rendered":"Zm\u011bny v p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed: Aktualizace kurikula"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Ned\u00e1vno byla v \u010cesku zavedena povinn\u00e1 p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zka pro p\u011btilet\u00e9 d\u011bti, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnilo strukturu a obsah mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol. S nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm po\u010dtem odklad\u016f \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky se v\u0161ak nyn\u00ed v\u011bnuje pozornost revizi R\u00e1mcov\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho programu pro p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (RVP PV). Tato revize, \u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 N\u00e1rodn\u00edm pedagogick\u00fdm institutem \u010cR, se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na aktualizaci o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch v\u00fdstup\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed na konci mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly a zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost plynul\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu mezi p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00ed a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolou.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dokument se zam\u011b\u0159uje na \u00fapravu terminologie, odstran\u011bn\u00ed duplicit a zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed formulac\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e samotn\u00fd r\u00e1mec RVP PV z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 podstatn\u011b nezm\u011bn\u011bn. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, zd\u016fraz\u0148uje se v n\u011bm individualizace vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a plynul\u00fd p\u0159echod mezi mate\u0159skou a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolou. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed R\u00e1mcov\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho programu (RVP) pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed do \u010dty\u0159 \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed poutav\u00fd pohled na obecn\u00e9 charakteristiky, kter\u00e9 formuj\u00ed vztah mezi st\u00e1tn\u00edm kurikulem a t\u00edm, co se u\u010d\u00ed ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch, z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi dovednostmi, kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi kompetencemi a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi oblastmi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201eJe d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby se s\u00a0p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edm kurikulem sezn\u00e1mili nejen pedagogov\u00e9 a pedago\u017eky v\u00a0mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch, ale i\u00a0u\u010ditel\u00e9 na prvn\u00edm stupni z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly. Z\u00edskaj\u00ed tak p\u0159edstavu o\u00a0tom, co d\u011bti na konci p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0na za\u010d\u00e1tku \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se nimi v\u00a0mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch pracuje a\u00a0co od nich mohou o\u010dek\u00e1vat,\u201d <\/strong>vysv\u011btluje pot\u0159ebu propojen\u00ed obou stup\u0148\u016f analyti\u010dka EDUinu Kate\u0159ina L\u00e1nsk\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Osm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch kompetenc\u00ed <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V t\u00e9to nov\u00e9 verzi kurikula se objevuje osm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch kompetenc\u00ed, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 po\u010dtu kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch dovednost\u00ed ve \u0161koln\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, i kdy\u017e jsou v mnoha ohledech odli\u0161n\u00e9. Mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed schopnost porozum\u011bt kultu\u0159e, schopnost u\u010dit se nebo dovednost \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my. Mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00ed dovednosti pat\u0159\u00ed schopnost \u010d\u00edst a po\u010d\u00edtat, vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed oblasti z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v podstat\u011b stejn\u00e9. Vymezen\u00ed t\u011bchto \u010dty\u0159 okruh\u016f m\u00e1 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd v\u00fdznam z n\u011bkolika d\u016fvod\u016f. Zaprv\u00e9 poskytuje z\u00e1klad pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed strategie a stanovuje obsah vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e1le slou\u017e\u00ed jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed spojnice pro dal\u0161\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch. Tyto okruhy jsou zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro p\u0159echod na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu. Prvn\u00ed rok ve \u0161kole m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u011bti n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd, a proto je minimalizace zm\u011bn kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro to, aby se d\u011bti postupn\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobily nov\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed a v\u00fdukov\u00e9mu stylu. T\u00edm, \u017ee se zm\u011bny omez\u00ed na minimum, maj\u00ed d\u011bti v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161anci se \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b adaptovat. To zahrnuje snaz\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddou, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad pravideln\u00fd re\u017eim b\u011bhem klasick\u00e9 p\u011bta\u010dty\u0159icetiminutov\u00e9 vyu\u010dovac\u00ed hodiny. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201eAktualizace p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho kurikula, tak jak ji navrhuje NPI, je velmi zda\u0159il\u00e1, dokument je p\u0159ehledn\u00fd, jednoduch\u00fd a\u00a0srozumiteln\u00fd. Je z\u00a0n\u011bj tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1t, \u017ee na c\u00edlech p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed panuje shoda, te\u010f bude t\u0159eba nap\u0159\u00edt energii do toho, aby se to skute\u010dn\u011b propsalo i\u00a0do \u0161koln\u00ed praxe,\u201d <\/strong>komentuje dokument L\u00e1nsk\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rodi\u010de \u010dasto \u017e\u00e1daj\u00ed odklad \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky pro sv\u00e9 d\u011bti s argumentem obav z p\u0159echodu na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu a touhou nechat sv\u00e9 potomky ve \u0161kolce d\u00e9le, aby si &#8222;u\u017eili d\u011btstv\u00ed&#8220; a p\u0159ede\u0161li mo\u017en\u00e9mu ne\u00fasp\u011bchu ve \u0161kole. Pedagogicko-psychologick\u00e9 poradny doporu\u010duj\u00ed odklad, av\u0161ak tyto doporu\u010den\u00ed nejsou koordinovan\u00e9, co\u017e vede k opakovan\u00fdm n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1m rodi\u010d\u016f v r\u016fzn\u00fdch poradn\u00e1ch. Ministerstvo proto p\u0159ipravilo \u010dty\u0159i varianty, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit vysok\u00fd po\u010det \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o odklad \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><sup>Zdroj: EDUin<\/sup><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ned\u00e1vno byla v \u010cesku zavedena povinn\u00e1 p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zka pro p\u011btilet\u00e9 d\u011bti, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnilo strukturu a obsah mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol. S nar\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00edm po\u010dtem odklad\u016f \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky se v\u0161ak nyn\u00ed v\u011bnuje pozornost revizi R\u00e1mcov\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho programu pro p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (RVP PV). Tato revize, \u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 N\u00e1rodn\u00edm pedagogick\u00fdm institutem \u010cR, se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na aktualizaci o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch v\u00fdstup\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed na konci [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":14779,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_breakdance_hide_in_design_set":false,"_breakdance_tags":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualne-ze-skolstvi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16368","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16368"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16368\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16388,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16368\/revisions\/16388"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14779"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16368"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16368"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16368"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}