{"id":11421,"date":"2023-05-30T14:39:25","date_gmt":"2023-05-30T12:39:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=11421"},"modified":"2023-05-30T14:39:27","modified_gmt":"2023-05-30T12:39:27","slug":"kdo-muze-za-chybejici-mista-na-strednich-skolach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=11421","title":{"rendered":"Kdo m\u016f\u017ee za chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edsta na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se tis\u00edce dev\u00e1\u0165\u00e1k\u016f uch\u00e1zej\u00ed o m\u00edsta na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 je zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed a kter\u00e9 jim otev\u0159ou cestu k dal\u0161\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nebo povol\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z nich ale z\u016fstanou zklam\u00e1ni, proto\u017ee se nedostanou na sv\u016fj preferovan\u00fd obor nebo dokonce ani na preferovan\u00fd typ \u0161koly. M\u00edsto na gymn\u00e1ziu nebo na odborn\u00e9 \u0161kole s maturitou skon\u010d\u00ed na u\u010dili\u0161ti nebo na oboru, kter\u00fd je nebav\u00ed. Jak je to mo\u017en\u00e9? Kdo za to m\u016f\u017ee? A co s t\u00edm lze d\u011blat?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edsta na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch jsou d\u016fsledkem n\u011bkolika faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 se vz\u00e1jemn\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed a komplikuj\u00ed. Mezi hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad demografick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj: Po\u010det \u017e\u00e1k\u016f z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol se v posledn\u00edch letech zvy\u0161uje v d\u016fsledku tzv. siln\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f narozen\u00fdch kolem roku 2004. Podle statistiky M\u0160MT se po\u010det dev\u00e1\u0165\u00e1k\u016f mezi lety 2015 a 2020 zv\u00fd\u0161il o v\u00edce ne\u017e 30 tis\u00edc (z 88 000 na 119 000). Tento trend bude pokra\u010dovat i v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech, kdy se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu dev\u00e1\u0165\u00e1k\u016f a\u017e na 130 tis\u00edc v roce 2025<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u017d\u00e1ci z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol nav\u00edc m\u011bn\u00ed sv\u00e9 preference a st\u00e1le v\u00edce se zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed o st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly s v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm, zejm\u00e9na o gymn\u00e1zia. Podle statistiky M\u0160MT se pod\u00edl \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed studovat na gymn\u00e1ziu, zv\u00fd\u0161il z 28 % v roce 2015 na 35 % v roce 2020<\/a>. Naopak kles\u00e1 z\u00e1jem o st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly s odborn\u00fdm zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm, zejm\u00e9na o u\u010dili\u0161t\u011b. Podle statistiky M\u0160MT se pod\u00edl \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed studovat na u\u010dili\u0161ti, sn\u00ed\u017eil z 23 % v roce 2015 na 16 % v roce 2020<\/a>. Tento trend souvis\u00ed s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1roky trhu pr\u00e1ce, s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi ambicemi \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a jejich rodi\u010d\u016f a s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed presti\u017e\u00ed odborn\u00fdch obor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nerovnom\u011brn\u00e1 nab\u00eddka a popt\u00e1vka<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapacity st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol neodpov\u00eddaj\u00ed popt\u00e1vce \u017e\u00e1k\u016f podle obor\u016f a region\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 obory jsou p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9 a n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou polopr\u00e1zdn\u00e9. N\u011bkter\u00e9 regiony maj\u00ed nadbytek m\u00edst a n\u011bkter\u00e9 maj\u00ed nedostatek m\u00edst. Podle statistiky M\u0160MT bylo v roce 2020 celkem 140 tis\u00edc voln\u00fdch m\u00edst na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch pro 119 tis\u00edc dev\u00e1\u0165\u00e1k\u016f<\/a>3<\/sup><\/strong><\/a>. To by mohlo nazna\u010dovat, \u017ee m\u00edsta ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch jsou dostate\u010dn\u00e1. Probl\u00e9m je ale v tom, \u017ee tyto m\u00edsta nejsou tam, kde je pot\u0159ebujeme. Nap\u0159\u00edklad ve St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9m kraji bylo v roce 2020 jen 10 tis\u00edc voln\u00fdch m\u00edst pro 14 tis\u00edc dev\u00e1\u0165\u00e1k\u016f<\/a>. Nav\u00edc tyto m\u00edsta byly p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na u\u010dili\u0161t\u00edch nebo na oborech s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed atraktivitou pro \u017e\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dopady chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch m\u00edst na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edsta na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch maj\u00ed negativn\u00ed dopady jak pro jednotliv\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ky, tak pro celou spole\u010dnost. \u017d\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed se nedostanou na svou preferovanou st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu, mohou ztratit motivaci a spokojenost se studiem. C\u00edt\u00ed se frustrovan\u00ed a zklaman\u00ed. Tyto negativn\u00ed emoce \u010dasto vedou k hor\u0161\u00edm studijn\u00edm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm, k vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed absenci nebo k p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9mu ukon\u010den\u00ed studia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edsta na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch mohou zhor\u0161it kvalitu a efektivitu cel\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Mohou v\u00e9st k nerovnosti a diskriminaci ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed podle soci\u00e1ln\u011b-ekonomick\u00e9ho postaven\u00ed nebo regionu p\u016fvodu \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Probl\u00e9mem je tak\u00e9 nedostatek kvalifikovan\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f v n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech nebo nadbytek pracovn\u00edk\u016f v jin\u00fdch oblastech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch m\u00edst na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edm m\u00edst\u016fm na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch lze \u010delit r\u016fzn\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly b\u00fdt koordinovan\u00e9 mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi akt\u00e9ry a \u00farovn\u011bmi vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Kraj\u0161t\u00ed radn\u00ed by m\u011bli pru\u017en\u011b reagovat na demografick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj a zm\u011bnu preferenc\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f t\u00edm, \u017ee budou zvy\u0161ovat kapacity st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol s v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm, zejm\u00e9na gymn\u00e1zi\u00ed a lyce\u00ed. Ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy by m\u011blo podporovat zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality a atraktivity st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol s odborn\u00fdm zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm t\u00edm, \u017ee by posilovalo jejich v\u0161eobecnou slo\u017eku, zav\u00e1d\u011blo v\u00edceoborov\u00e9 \u0161koly s mo\u017enost\u00ed volby mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi obory nebo podporovalo spolupr\u00e1ci \u0161kol s pracovn\u00edky a zam\u011bstnavateli. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160koly, rodi\u010de a \u017e\u00e1ci by m\u011bli m\u00edt k dispozici dostatek informac\u00ed a poradenstv\u00ed o mo\u017enostech a podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch st\u0159edn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, aby se \u017e\u00e1ci l\u00e9pe orientovali v nab\u00eddce st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol, vybrali si obor podle sv\u00fdch z\u00e1jm\u016f a schopnost\u00ed a p\u0159ipravili se na p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed zkou\u0161ky. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je sn\u00ed\u017eit m\u00edru ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti \u017e\u00e1k\u016f p\u0159i p\u0159ijet\u00ed na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu a zv\u00fd\u0161it jejich spokojenost se studiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed m\u00edsta na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch jsou v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd ohro\u017euje kvalitu a efektivitu vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu i budoucnost cel\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Je t\u0159eba hledat komplexn\u00ed a koordinovan\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 budou respektovat pot\u0159eby a mo\u017enosti \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, u\u010ditel\u016f, rodi\u010d\u016f, zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f i ve\u0159ejnosti. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 sledovat dopady t\u011bchto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b relevantn\u00edch dat a v\u00fdzkum\u016f. Kl\u00ed\u010dovou podm\u00ednkou pro inovaci st\u0159edn\u00edho \u0161kolstv\u00ed je ale hlavn\u011b celospole\u010densk\u00e1 shoda na prom\u011bn\u011b vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011brem ke v\u0161eobecn\u00e9mu zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017en\u00ed rozvoj potenci\u00e1l\u016f ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ka.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se tis\u00edce dev\u00e1\u0165\u00e1k\u016f uch\u00e1zej\u00ed o m\u00edsta na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 je zaj\u00edmaj\u00ed a kter\u00e9 jim otev\u0159ou cestu k dal\u0161\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nebo povol\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z nich ale z\u016fstanou zklam\u00e1ni, proto\u017ee se nedostanou na sv\u016fj preferovan\u00fd obor nebo dokonce ani na preferovan\u00fd typ \u0161koly. M\u00edsto na gymn\u00e1ziu nebo na odborn\u00e9 \u0161kole s maturitou skon\u010d\u00ed na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":11422,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_breakdance_hide_in_design_set":false,"_breakdance_tags":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[2,176],"class_list":["post-11421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualne-ze-skolstvi","tag-dulezite","tag-ss"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/35"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11421"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11423,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11421\/revisions\/11423"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}