{"id":11273,"date":"2023-05-24T14:10:38","date_gmt":"2023-05-24T12:10:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=11273"},"modified":"2023-05-24T14:10:39","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T12:10:39","slug":"jak-si-vede-ceske-skolstvi-ve-srovnani-se-zahranicim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/?p=11273","title":{"rendered":"Jak si vede \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zahrani\u010d\u00edm?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u010cesk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed je \u010dasto p\u0159edm\u011btem kritiky a debat, jak zlep\u0161it jeho kvalitu, efektivitu a spravedlnost. Jak si ale vede \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zahrani\u010d\u00edm? Existuj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ukazatele, kter\u00e9 by n\u00e1m mohly pomoci odpov\u011bd\u011bt na tuto ot\u00e1zku?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejrespektovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch statistik o \u0161kolstv\u00ed je publikace Organizace pro ekonomickou spolupr\u00e1ci a rozvoj (OECD) nazvan\u00e1 Education at a Glance (EaG). Tato publikace ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 ukazatele z oblasti vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0161kolstv\u00ed mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi OECD a dal\u0161\u00edmi zem\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed data. \u010cesk\u00e1 republika je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u00e9to publikace od roku 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Publikace EaG obsahuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 ukazatel\u016f, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch aspekt\u016f \u0161kolstv\u00ed, jako jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdsledky vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdnosy ze vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, finan\u010dn\u00ed a lidsk\u00e9 zdroje vlo\u017een\u00e9 do vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edstup ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, \u00fa\u010dast na n\u011bm a pr\u016fchod vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed soustavou, \u0161koln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a organizace \u0161kol. Tyto ukazatele jsou zalo\u017eeny na datech poskytnut\u00fdch jednotliv\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi a jsou standardizov\u00e1ny tak, aby byly srovnateln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00dastav pro informace ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed &#8211; p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkov\u00e1 organizace M\u0160MT &#8211; stru\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdtah z EaG v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b pod n\u00e1zvem \u010cesk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm srovn\u00e1n\u00ed &#8211; Stru\u010dn\u00e9 sezn\u00e1men\u00ed s vybran\u00fdmi ukazateli publikace OECD Education at a Glance. Tato publikace obsahuje v\u00fdb\u011br nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejv\u00edce diskutovan\u00fdch indik\u00e1tor\u016f z ro\u010denky \u0161kolstv\u00ed OECD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak tedy dopad\u00e1 \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zahrani\u010d\u00edm podle t\u011bchto indik\u00e1tor\u016f? Zde jsou n\u011bkter\u00e1 zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 data:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 jednu z nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed terci\u00e1ln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> (vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed odborn\u00e9 nebo vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9) mezi dosp\u011blou populac\u00ed (25-64 let). V roce 2019 m\u011blo terci\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed jen 33 % dosp\u011bl\u00fdch \u010cech\u016f, co\u017e je pod pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (40 %) i EU (38 %). Naopak m\u00e1 jednu z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed st\u0159edn\u00edho odborn\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed (79 %), kter\u00e9 je nad pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (46 %) i EU (49 %).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika pat\u0159\u00ed mezi zem\u011b s nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi finan\u010dn\u00edmi v\u00fddaji na studenta ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m sektoru.<\/strong> V roce 2017 \u010dinily tyto v\u00fddaje 6 900 USD na studenta ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m sektoru na v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00edch vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e je m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e polovina pr\u016fm\u011bru OECD (15 100 USD) i EU (14 200 USD). Z toho plyne, \u017ee \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed je velmi efektivn\u00ed, pokud jde o dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f za relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 jednu z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch m\u00edr \u00fa\u010dasti d\u011bt\u00ed ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm syst\u00e9mu.<\/strong> V roce 2019 bylo zapojeno do p\u0159ed\u0161koln\u00edho, prim\u00e1rn\u00edho nebo sekund\u00e1rn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed 94 % d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku 3-14 let, co\u017e je nad pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (90 %) i EU19 (91 %). Na druhou stranu m\u00e1 jednu z nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch m\u00edr \u00fa\u010dasti mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed v terci\u00e1ln\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. V roce 2019 bylo zapojeno do terci\u00e1ln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed jen 32 % mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed ve v\u011bku 18-24 let, co\u017e je pod pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (43 %) i EU19 (41 %).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 jednu z nejdel\u0161\u00edch povinn\u00fdch \u0161koln\u00edch doch\u00e1zek.<\/strong> V roce 2019 byla povinn\u00e1 doch\u00e1zka do \u0161koly stanovena na 10 let od 6 do 15 let, co\u017e je nad pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (8,8 let) i EU19 (8,9 let). Naopak m\u00e1 jednu z nejkrat\u0161\u00edch d\u00e9lek studia na terci\u00e1ln\u00edm stupni. V roce 2019 byla pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka studia na terci\u00e1ln\u00edm stupni 3 roky pro bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd program a 2 roky pro magistersk\u00fd program, co\u017e je pod pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (3,4 a 2,1 roku) i EU (3,5 a 2 roku).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 jednu z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch kvalit vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch test\u016f.<\/strong> Podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho testu PISA pat\u0159ila mezi zem\u011b s nadpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky ve \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 gramotnosti (487 bod\u016f), matematick\u00e9 gramotnosti (491 bod\u016f) a p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00e9 gramotnosti (497 bod\u016f) v roce 2018. Tyto v\u00fdsledky jsou nad pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (487, 489 a 489 bod\u016f) i EU (487, 489 a 490 bod\u016f). Podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho testu TIMSS pat\u0159ila \u010cesk\u00e1 republika mezi zem\u011b s vysokou \u00farovn\u00ed matematick\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00e9 gramotnosti \u017e\u00e1k\u016f 4. a 8. t\u0159\u00edd z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol v roce 2019. V matematice dos\u00e1hli \u010de\u0161t\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci 4. t\u0159\u00edd 542 bod\u016f a \u017e\u00e1ci 8. t\u0159\u00edd 511 bod\u016f, co\u017e je nad pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (525 a 500 bod\u016f) i EU19 (527 a 501 bod\u016f). V p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bd\u011b dos\u00e1hli \u010de\u0161t\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci 4. t\u0159\u00edd 549 bod\u016f a \u017e\u00e1ci 8. t\u0159\u00edd 543 bod\u016f, co\u017e je nad pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (528 a 501 bod\u016f) i EU19 (530 a 502 bod\u016f).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 jednu z nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch m\u00edr spokojenosti s vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm mezi dosp\u011blou populac\u00ed.<\/strong> Podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pr\u016fzkumu OECD nazvan\u00e9ho How\u2019s Life? pat\u0159ila \u010cesk\u00e1 republika mezi zem\u011b s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm pod\u00edlem dosp\u011bl\u00fdch (25-64 let), kte\u0159\u00ed byli spokojeni se sv\u00fdm dosa\u017een\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm (89 %) v roce 2017. Tento pod\u00edl je nad pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (83 %) i EU (82 %). Nav\u00edc byla \u010cesk\u00e1 republika mezi zem\u011bmi s nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edm rozd\u00edlem mezi spokojenost\u00ed s vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm podle \u00farovn\u011b dosa\u017een\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. Rozd\u00edl mezi spokojenost\u00ed s vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm u osob s terci\u00e1ln\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm a u osob bez terci\u00e1ln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed byl jen 3 procentn\u00ed body, co\u017e je pod pr\u016fm\u011brem OECD (10 procentn\u00edch bod\u016f) i EU (11 procentn\u00edch bod\u016f).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Z t\u011bchto dat vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 siln\u00e9 str\u00e1nky, ale tak\u00e9 sv\u00e9 slabiny. Mezi siln\u00e9 str\u00e1nky pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad efektivita, kvalita, rovnost a spokojenost s vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm. Mezi slabiny pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00edzk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed zdroje, n\u00edzk\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 terci\u00e1ln\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00edzk\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dast na terci\u00e1ln\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a n\u00edzk\u00e1 d\u00e9lka studia na terci\u00e1ln\u00edm stupni. \u010cesk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed se tak m\u016f\u017ee inspirovat zku\u0161enostmi a osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdmi postupy jin\u00fdch zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed ukazatele v t\u011bchto oblastech. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se m\u016f\u017ee py\u0161nit sv\u00fdmi \u00fasp\u011bchy a p\u0159ednostmi, kter\u00e9 jsou uzn\u00e1van\u00e9 na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u010cesk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed je \u010dasto p\u0159edm\u011btem kritiky a debat, jak zlep\u0161it jeho kvalitu, efektivitu a spravedlnost. Jak si ale vede \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se zahrani\u010d\u00edm? Existuj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ukazatele, kter\u00e9 by n\u00e1m mohly pomoci odpov\u011bd\u011bt na tuto ot\u00e1zku? Jedn\u00edm z nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejrespektovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch statistik o \u0161kolstv\u00ed je publikace Organizace pro ekonomickou spolupr\u00e1ci a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":11274,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_breakdance_hide_in_design_set":false,"_breakdance_tags":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[28,27,39,40,38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualne-ze-skolstvi","category-budoucnost-skolstvi","category-praha-skolska","category-stredni-skoly","category-vysoke-skoly"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11273","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/35"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11273"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11277,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11273\/revisions\/11277"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11273"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11273"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}